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Supreme Court Pauses Action on Old Vehicles in Delhi-NCR

In a landmark decision, the Supreme Court of India on Tuesday granted interim relief to thousands of vehicle owners in Delhi-NCR by barring authorities from taking coercive action against owners of diesel vehicles older than 10 years and petrol vehicles older than 15 years. The ruling suspends enforcement of a contentious 2018 ban that threatened fines, impoundment, and deregistration of such "end-of-life" vehicles.

1. Key Highlights of the Supreme Court Order?

  • Immediate Protection: A bench led by Chief Justice B.R. Gavai directed police and transport authorities not to seize, deregister, or penalize owners of older vehicles during the case review. The order emphasized: "No coercive steps shall be taken against owners on the ground that vehicles are 10 years old (diesel) or 15 years old (petrol)".
  • Timeline: The stay will remain in effect for at least four weeks while the Court examines the Delhi government’s plea for a permanent policy shift.
  • Scope: Affected vehicles can legally operate if they meet existing Pollution Under Control (PUC) and roadworthiness norms.

2. Why the Delhi Government Challenged the Ban?

The Delhi government, represented by Solicitor General Tushar Mehta, argued that the 2018 ban was outdated and scientifically unjustified. Key points from their petition include:

  • Technological Advancements: Bharat Stage-VI (BS-VI) emission norms—implemented nationwide in 2020—reduce particulate emissions by 80% compared to older standards. Blanket age-based bans could force even BS-VI-compliant vehicles off roads prematurely.
  • Arbitrary Hardship: Mehta illustrated the inequity: "A car used minimally (e.g., 2,000 km over 10 years) faces a ban, while a taxi clocking 1 lakh km in two years continues operating".
  • Pollution, Not Age: The government advocates emission-based checks via PUC tests rather than age cut-offs.
  • Public and Expert Reactions? Vehicle Owners: Celebrated the reprieve, especially seniors and middle-class families, for whom vehicle replacement is financially crippling. Delhi Environment Minister Manjinder Singh Sirsa: Called the ruling a "major victory," stressing: *"Pollution should be the criterion, not age. A rarely used 15-year-old car may pollute less than a heavily used 5-year-old vehic
  • Environmental Concerns: Activists warn that easing restrictions could undermine air quality efforts, especially during winter pollution peaks.

3. Background: How the 2018 Ban Unfolded?

  • Origin: The National Green Tribunal (NGT) ordered the ban in 2014 to combat Delhi’s toxic air, which the Supreme Court upheld in 2018.
  • Recent Turmoil: On July 1, 2025, the CAQM halted fuel supply to "end-of-life" vehicles.

4. What’s Next?

  • Scientific review: Court asked the Centre and CAQM to study age-based bans versus emission-based criteria.
  • Long-term shift: The verdict could prompt nationwide policy changes favoring real-time pollution data over vehicle-age rules.
Aspect 2018 Ban 2025 Interim Relief
Basis Vehicle age Emission levels (PUC compliance)
Enforcement Seizure / deregistration No coercive action
Key Rationale Emergency pollution control Technological advancements (BS-VI norms)
Public Impact Widespread vehicle scrapping Reprieve for roadworthy vehicles

Public impact: widespread vehicle scrapping under the 2018 ban, while the 2025 interim relief offers a reprieve for roadworthy vehicles.

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The Bigger Picture

This interim order highlights a global dilemma: balancing environmental goals with socioeconomic realities. As Justice Gavai remarked during hearings: "Earlier, people used cars for 40–50 years. Vintage cars still exist. With Delhi-NCR’s air quality hanging in the balance, the Supreme Court’s final decision expected in September could redefine how cities worldwide tackle vehicular pollution in the age of advanced technology.

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